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Settlement
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The Vikings settled in many countries beyond Scandinavia. Some of these countries, such as Britain, Ireland, and France, were inhabited, and the Vikings had to fight for their settlements. Others, such as the Faeroe Islands and Iceland, were uninhabited. The settlements were led by aristocratic leaders called jarls (earls), who became independent rulers themselves, though most of their lands were taken over by kings in later times. Some of their settlements developed into important cities. Dublin, the capital of Ireland, was founded by the Vikings as a naval base in 843. It grew into a real town. Vikings also founded the independent kingdom of Man. The Isle of Man still has its own parliament.
(A) WATTLE
Simple walls were made from wattle - woven panels of osier, or willow. They were then covered in clay or animal dung to keep out drafts and dampness.
(B) STONE WALL
Stone was sometimes used for the lower part of walls, especially where timber was scarce. The Vikings had no mortar, so dry stones were carefully fitted together.
(C) THATCH ROOF
In regions where suitable reeds grew, the roofs of houses were covered in thatch.
(D) ROADS
Pathways made of strong timber were laid in towns where traffic was heavy. Wattle panels were also used but were unsuitable for carts.
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Previous:
Back
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Book:
The Vikings
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Section:
The Vikings
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Chapter:
Settlement
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