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The Stuarts
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In 1603 James VI of Scotland became the first Stuart king of England, James I. His son Charles I quarrelled so fiercely with Parliament that in 1642 Civil War broke out. Parliament's army, led by Oliver Cromwell, won and in 1649 the king was executed. His son Charles lived abroad during the period of Cromwell's rule, the Common-wealth, but returned as Charles II in 1660. His unpopular brother James II was driven out after only three years. James's daughter and her Dutch husband were invited to rule jointly as King William III and Queen Mary (later James's son, James Edward, would try in vain to get back the crown). Queen Anne, James II's younger daughter, had 17 children, but they all died young, so she was the last Stuart ruler, dying in 1714. | | The coat of arms of James I (James VI of Scotland) |
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Previous:
Back
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Book:
Kings and Queens
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Section:
Stuart
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Chapter:
Introduction
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